• Term Definition
• Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Artificial Intelligence (AI)

• September 17, 2020
• Team Kalkine

What is Artificial Intelligence?

A popular and widely used technology, Artificial Intelligence (AI), in simple terms, provides abilities to machines to perform a particular task that helps in reducing human effort. This is made possible via specific programming languages, tools & techniques, or codes, that are implemented into the machine so that it can perform tasks with minimal or no human intervention.

History of AI and how it came into existence?

The scope of Artificial Intelligence is massive, and it continues to grow each day. Though Artificial Intelligence has gained prominence lately, it may sound fascinating to know that scientists started to think about this technology in the early parts of the twentieth century.

Alan Turing is considered amongst the most extraordinary scientist of the 20th century who created history by laying a strong theoretical foundation of computer science. He was a mathematician, cryptanalyst, logician, and a philosopher.

In 1936, Alan Turing, in an article, introduced a theoretical device that was based on the notion that a machine can imitate any other machine (known as the Turing machine).

AI Timeline:

What exactly do we mean by AI?

As highlighted above, Artificial Intelligence was coined in the year 1956 by John McCathy. He defined AI as science and engineering to make intelligent machines. It refers to the development of a computer system that has the potential to perform a task that usually needs human intelligence like speech identification, decision making, visual perception and interpretation between languages.

We live in an era where we see the role of Artificial Intelligence in the form of robots, a machine which has vast application in recent times. AI application can be seen in healthcare, sales and marketing, business analytics and so on.

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Some Real-world Applications of AI:

• Google’s Predictive Search Engine: One of the most common examples of AI is the Google predictive search engine. We have observed that when we start typing anything on Google, a set of recommendation start showing from where we can choose. This is one of the simplest examples of Artificial Intelligence in action.
• Legal Document Analysis: A well-recognized Investment Banking company uses its contract Intelligence platform to access its legal document. Through the use of this AI platform, the time to access the legal document was reduced drastically. Although AI does not have the reasoning power, however, with the advancement in the technology now, Artificial Intelligence can solve the most complex tasks easily.
• Social Media/Networking Platforms: Popular website Facebook is where we can see the implementation of AI. Facebook uses machine learning and deep learning to identify the facial features of a person, and based on that, people can tag their friends. The auto-tagging feature which we see on Facebook is an example of AI.
• Voice-activated Personal Assistants such as Google Alexa and Apple are popular examples of AI.
• Self-driven cars: Artificial Intelligence plays a crucial role in self-driven vehicles with the best example being that of Tesla. Through the tech, the cars are capable of detecting any obstacle coming on its way.

• Email Applications: In Gmail, Artificial Intelligence helps to sort those mails which are spam based on specific keywords by using machine learning and natural language processing.
• Online Streaming Services: Netflix is yet another example of AI implementation, where movie recommendations are provided based on the type of search and studying the pattern of movies preferred by the user.

What are the Different Types of Artificial Intelligence?

There are three types of Artificial Intelligence:

Artificial Narrow Intelligence:

Artificial Narrow Intelligence is also known as weak AI, where artificial intelligence is applied to a specific task. A typical example of an Artificial Narrow Intelligence would be Alexa, which operates within a specified range. All the AI applications we see at present are Artificial Narrow Intelligence.

Artificial General Intelligence:

Artificial General Intelligence is known as strong AI, and it involves a machine that is capable of performing any intellectual task just like a human being. Till now, we have not reached this stage as there is no machine in the present times that have reasoning ability like human beings.

Artificial Super Intelligence

Artificial Super Intelligence refers to that point of time when the capability of the computer surpasses the capacity of a human being.

Artificial Intelligence Outlook 2030

Artificial Intelligence has a broad scope that is beyond one’s imagination. AI has the potential to transform productivity and GDP potential of the global economy. To make this possible, there is a need for significant investment in various AI technologies.

As per a research report released by PWC in 2017, 45% of the total economic gains by 2030 would be through product improvements. It would be possible with the help of Artificial Intelligence which would support in increased customization, improved attractiveness, and affordability.

The report also highlighted that AI would contribute over US$15.7 trillion to the global economy. It would boost the economy by 26% in GDP.

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